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+/*************************************************************************
+ * Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Tavian Barnes <tavianator@tavianator.com> *
+ * *
+ * This file is part of The Dimension Library. *
+ * *
+ * The Dimension Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/ *
+ * or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License *
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the *
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version. *
+ * *
+ * The Dimension Library is distributed in the hope that it will be *
+ * useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty *
+ * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU *
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details. *
+ * *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public *
+ * License along with this program. If not, see *
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
+ *************************************************************************/
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * Utility functions for working with and numerically solving polynomials.
+ * Polynomials are represented as simple arrays where the ith element is the
+ * coefficient on x^i. In general, we are only interested in positive roots.
+ */
+
+#include "internal.h"
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/**
+ * Evaluate a polynomial at \p x.
+ * @param[in] poly The coefficients of the polynomial to evaluate, in order
+ * from lowest degree to highest degree. The array should
+ * have dimension <tt>degree + 1</tt>.
+ * @param[in] degree The degree of the polynomial.
+ * @param[in] x The value of the variable at which to evaluate.
+ */
+DMNSN_INTERNAL DMNSN_INLINE double
+dmnsn_polynomial_evaluate(const double poly[], size_t degree, double x)
+{
+ double ret = poly[degree];
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = degree; i-- > 0;) {
+ ret = ret*x + poly[i];
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Evaluate the derivative of a polynomial at \p x.
+ * @param[in] poly The coefficients of the polynomial to evaluate.
+ * @param[in] degree The degree of the polynomial.
+ * @param[in] x The value of the variable at which to evaluate.
+ */
+DMNSN_INTERNAL DMNSN_INLINE double
+dmnsn_polynomial_evaluate_derivative(const double poly[], size_t degree, double x)
+{
+ double ret = poly[degree]*degree;
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = degree - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
+ ret = ret*x + poly[i]*i;
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Find the positive roots of a polynomial.
+ * @param[in] poly The coefficients of the polynomial to solve.
+ * @param[in] degree The degree of the polynomial.
+ * @param[out] x An array in which to store the roots. It should have
+ * dimension \p degree.
+ * @return The number of positive roots stored in \c x[].
+ */
+DMNSN_INTERNAL size_t dmnsn_polynomial_solve(const double poly[], size_t degree, double x[]);
+
+/**
+ * Output a polynomial. The polynomial is printed as a function of x suitable
+ * for input into a CAS, and without a trailing newline.
+ * @param[in,out] file The file to write to.
+ * @param[in] poly The coefficients of the polynomial to print.
+ * @param[in] degree The degree of the polynomial.
+ */
+DMNSN_INTERNAL void dmnsn_polynomial_print(FILE *file, const double poly[], size_t degree);